Roof vegetable planting technology for gardening
With the process of urbanization of many countries, the scale of cities has expanded, and more and more residents have moved into the "match box" -style reinforced concrete houses. "More and more obvious, the temperature is higher than the year. Many cities improve the urban ecology by expanding roof greening. And make full use of the space of the roof, planting vegetables effectively increase the green area in the city, reduce direct sunlight on the concrete roof, and can also eat fresh and clean vegetables by planting. Meet the supply of vegetables from the family. You can also pass the excess spare time to increase the extra leisure space, beautify the environment, and reduce many benefits such as rice water, vegetable skin and other garbage. It has been respected by many citizens. After many years of planting exploration, the author has obtained some experience for reference.
1 planting method
1.1 Planting pool or planting belt
Reasonable layout of the roof and leaving the activity space. Now there is a thermal insulation layer on the roof. It is recommended to build the flower on the insulation layer. There is a gap between 30 cm between the thermal insulation layer and the parapet. It is recommended to keep it because of long -term humidity ( The high moisture content of the vegetables and soil) causes uneven heating of the parapets, and it is easy to form cracks, which is conducive to the heat on the roof. It is better to use a pulp band. Condition permits can be attached to tile beautification. The flower belt is suitable for 1 m width (mainly because it does not step on its soil during planting for easy planting.) The length of the flower belt is adapted to local conditions, the height is 0.3 m, and the thickness of the soil layer is 0.25 m. It is recommended to build a planting pool with 1 ~ 2 1m3 and 0.8 m in a reasonable location for planting vine -like fruits, and the thickness of the soil layer is 0.6 m. Each planting pool and planting belt must be leaked, and the amount of water is appropriate to discharge water in time.
1.2 container planting
Plant containers mainly include planting boxes, planting bags, and planting pots (bowls). Among them, the planting boxes mainly include wooden boxes and foam boxes. The length and width are about 1 m. You can extend your hand without stepping into the planting box. The planting bags mainly include plastic bags and non -woven bags, and the size is selected as required. The planting pots (bowls) are mainly plastic bowls, pottery pots, porcelain pots, etc., and they are also selected as needed.
2 planting soil
You can choose vermiculite, perlite, and grass charcoal as the matrix. Mix it at a ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1: 2, and then use the mountains and soil and organic fertilizer. This kind of configuration soil is loose, breathable, water preservation and fertilizer. The soil of the loam should not be
used for the soil of the old vegetable land, because there are many germs and underground pests in the soil of the old vegetable land. If the pond mud or rice fields are selected, you need to pay attention to drainage and prevent soil plates during planting.
3 stubble arrangement
Order the solar term on time and arrange the planting reasonably. The principle is: long -term dishes and short -term dishes are rationally matched, and the types of vegetables are diverse to ensure that fresh vegetables have fresh vegetables throughout the year. Do not plant too much vegetables. In spring and summer, there are many types of vegetables that can be planted. According to the characteristics of the roof area and the population of the family in today's society, there are not many people's population. A planting model is now provided for reference. Plant 1 gourd melon, 2 loofah, 3 m2 hollow vegetables, 3 m2 amaranth, 4 eggplant, 5 and 6 caves four seasons of beans (3 seeds per hole), four seasons can be planted with ginger , Four Seasons Bean grows fast. After the four seasons are finished, the ginger grows 1 small seedlings), more than 10 acupoints long cowpea, 5-6 cucumbers, planted some fresh greens and leeks in the corner area. , Select the planting ponds to plant gourds and loofah, and the corners can be planted with pepper. Except for the sowing beans at the end of April, the above -mentioned vegetables can be sowed at the end of April, and the remaining can be landed at the end of March and early April. After the long beans are collected, it can be planted for another season, or the August beans can be changed. Vegetables in autumn and winter are mainly leafy vegetables. Pay attention to the combination of long -term dishes and short -term dishes. Long -term dishes such as mustard, cabbage, cauliflower, etc., short -term dishes, such as: vegetable Xin, Shanghai green, vase vegetables, etc. Sowing can be sowed from August to September, and can be transplanted after the eggplants, spinach, etc. can be transplanted. There are many types of vegetables in autumn and winter, depending on personal preferences. At the same time, it is paired with seasoning dishes such as onion, garlic, coriander, celery. Short -term varieties can be planted for multiple.
4 Water Fertilizer Management
The required fertilizers are mainly organic fertilizers. The abandoned peel, the leaves that do not eat the leaves, the rice water, and the bean dregs after making the soy milk can also be used as a fertilizer material. The straw produced during the planting process can be buried into the soil in advance to increase the humus content in the soil and improve the structure of the soil. You can also buy finished organic fertilizers, focusing on base fertilizer as the main application of fertilizer, and watching the seedlings. The implementation of fertilizer, topical fertilizer is mainly due to fast -acting fertilizer. Those who have conditions can accumulate some people's urine, cooked plant immersion liquid. It is best to achieve deep fertilizer and not affect the environment. Disaggued use of chemical fertilizers. When the seedlings are too bad, a small amount of compound fertilizers can be applied.
The management of planting vegetables on the roof is particularly important, and it is advisable to keep the soil moist. In the spring, water should be excluded in time. The water content of the soil in the summer heat directly affects the yield and quality of vegetables. It must be poured in the morning and evening. It is best to use drip irrigation.
5 diseases and insect defense
